DonAman
Joined: 27 Nov 2011
Posts: 4
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 Posted: Thu Jan 26, 2012 9:29 am Post subject: Mastermind tutorial |
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Here is a small tutorial to develop a 'Mastermind' game in D language.
To do this, we will use the Phobos library.
D is an object-oriented language, so we create a class 'Mastermind' that
will contain all the necessary to model the game:
mastermind class's source code :
| Code: | import std.stdio;
import std.random;
import std.outbuffer;
/**
* Class which contains all the methods to model a mastermind game.
*/
class Mastermind {
private:
/**
* Used to define the length of the secret code.
*/
uint _width;
/**
* Used to define the amount of tries allowed to crack the code.
*/
uint _height;
/**
* The range of available values in the code.
*/
uint _range;
/**
* Contains the secret code.
*/
int _code[];
/**
* Contains the current try code.
*/
int _try[];
public:
/**
* Default constructor.
*/
this() {
_width = 0;
_height = 0;
_range = 0;
_code[]=null;
}
/**
* Initialize the mastermind with the given width, height and range.
*/
this( uint width, uint height, uint range ) {
_width = width;
_height = height;
_range = range;
_code = new int[_width];
_try = new int[_width];
}
/**
* Generates a random secret code for the mastermind game
*/
void secretGen(){
for( uint i=0; i < _width; i++ ){
_code[i] = ( rand() )%_range;/**gives a random int between 0 and _range-1*/
}
}
/**
* Display the current try of the player.
* Returns an outBuffer which contains the code.
*/
OutBuffer display() {
OutBuffer buffer = new OutBuffer();
/** a specific out buffer where we write the try code.*/
foreach ( int x; _try ){/**x are the values in the try code.*/
buffer.printf("%d ", x);/**We can do a printf like in C in a outbuffer.*/
}
return buffer;
}
/**
* Display the secret code of the player.
*/
void displaySecret() {
foreach ( int x; _code ){
writef("%d ", x);/**Directly write in out stream.*/
}
writefln("\n");
}
/**
* Copy the values in the board oneTry[] given by the player in the try board.
*/
void giveTry( int oneTry[] ) {
foreach (int i, int x; oneTry){
/**i is the index of the case in the board and x is its value.*/
_try[i] = x;
}
}
/**
* Check if the player won. Return true if it is the case.
*/
bool winner() {
foreach (int i,int x; _try) {
if( x != _code[i] ) {/**Tests if the current try matches with the secret code.*/
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* The algorithm count how many numbers are in the right place in the try code
* and how many numbers are at the wrong place.
* Returns the results in an outBuffer.
*/
OutBuffer giveStatus() {
int good=0;/**the amount of numbers right placed.*/
int bad=0;/**the amount of numbers wrong placed.*/
int[] tmpTry = _try.dup;/**performs a temporary copy.*/
int[] tmpCode = _code.dup;
OutBuffer buffer = new OutBuffer();
foreach ( int i,int x; tmpTry) {
if( x == tmpCode[i] ){
good++;
/**
* When a value is checked as a right value, we set this value
* in the 2 temporary boards on -1 to avoid conflicts with other values.
*/
tmpCode[i] = -1;
tmpTry[i] = -1;
}
}
foreach ( int i,int x; tmpTry) {
if( x > 0 ){
foreach( int j, int y; tmpCode ) {
/** Here we search a match with the values in the secret board.*/
if( y>0 && x==y ) {
bad++;
tmpCode[j] = -1;
tmpTry[i] =-1;
}
}
}
}
buffer.printf( " Right placed: %d Wrong placed: %d\n", good, bad );
return buffer;
}
}
And here is the main class code :
import std.stdio;
import Mastermind;
import std.outbuffer;
/**
* The main function which runs the mastermind game.
*/
int main(){
uint width = 0;
uint height = 0;
uint range = 0;
int[] code;
OutBuffer buffer = new OutBuffer();
writefln("Welcome to the Mastermind game");
/**
* We ask the player the parameters ha want for the game.
*/
writefln("What is the length of the secret code you want to crack?");
scanf("%d",&width);
code = new int[width];
writefln("What is the amount of tries allowed to crack the code?");
scanf("%d",&height);
writefln("What is the range of possible values in the code?");
scanf("%d",&range);
Mastermind m = new Mastermind( width, height, range );/**Creation of mastermind*/
m.secretGen();/**Secret code generation.*/
writefln( "Let's play" );
for( int j=height; j>0; j--){
writefln( "%d tries left", j);
/**
* we ask the player a guess of the secret code.
*/
writefln("Please enter your code (between 0 and %d)", (range-1));
for( int i=0; i<width; i++ ){
scanf( "%d",code.ptr + i );
}
m.giveTry( code );/**copy of the try code.*/
buffer.write( m.display() );/**Displays the try code.*/
buffer.write( m.giveStatus() );/**Give the status of the try code.*/
writefln( "---------------------" );
writefln( "%s", buffer );/**The game status.*/
writefln( "---------------------" );
if( m.winner() ){/**Check if the player won.*/
m.displaySecret();
writefln("You won");
return 0;
}
}
/**
* If the amount of tries is 0 the player lost.
*/
writefln( "You lost");
m.displaySecret();
return 0;
} |
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